Disinfection Processes

Useless Disinfection

Comparison of different disinfection processes in the effective removal of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes.

This study compared three different disinfection processes (chlorination, E-beam, and ozone) and the efficacy of three oxidants (H2O2, S2O(-)8, and peroxymonosulfate (MPS)) in removing antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in a synthetic wastewater. More than 30 mg/L of chlorine was needed to remove over 90% of ARB and ARG. For the E-beam method, only 1 dose...

Evaluation of the relationship between bulk organic precursors and disinfection byproduct formation for advanced oxidation processes.

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are gaining traction as they offer mineralization potential rather than transferring contaminants between media. However, AOPs operated with limited energy and/or chemical inputs can exacerbate disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation, even as precursors such as dissolved organic carbon, UV254, and specific UV absorbance (SUVA) decrease. This study examined the...

Formation of halogenated disinfection by-products in sulphate radical based oxidation processes

Cobalt catalysed decomposition of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) generates highly reactive sulfate radical, making it a viable way to degrade a broad range of contaminants. The high oxidation potential of SO4-· (E0=2.5-3.1V) also enables it to react with inorganic halides (Fang and Shang 2012, Lutze et al. 2014). For instance, SO4·oxidizes Clto chlorine radicals (Cl·). Cl· further reacts with Clyieldi...

A Theory of the Mechanism of Disinfection, Hemolysis, and Similar Processes

1. The course of such processes as hemolysis is very largely dependent upon variations in resistance among the different individuals, and secondarily upon the course of the fundamental reaction. 2. The fundamental reaction may be either a simple process, or the expression of a complex series of changes whose rate is at all times governed by that of the slowest of the series. This might perhaps ...